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''Carya ovata'', the shagbark hickory, is a common hickory in the Eastern United States and southeast Canada. It is a large, deciduous tree, growing well over tall, and will live over 350〔http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~adk/oldlisteast/#spp〕 years. The tallest measured shagbark, located in Savage Gulf, Tennessee, is over tall. Mature shagbarks are easy to recognize because, as their name implies, they have shaggy bark. This characteristic is, however, only found on mature trees; young specimens have smooth bark. The shagbark hickory's nut is edible and has a very sweet taste. The leaves are long, pinnate, with five (rarely three or seven) leaflets, the terminal three leaflets much larger than the basal pair. The shagbark hickory is monoecious. Staminate flowers are borne on long-stalked catkins at the tip of old wood or in the axils of the previous season's leaves. Pistillate flowers occur in short terminal spikes.〔Tirmenstein, D. A. 1991. "Carya ovata." In: ''Fire Effects Information System'' (). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer).(). Retrieved 2013-08-10.〕 The fruit is a drupe long, an edible nut with a hard, bony shell, contained in a thick, green four-sectioned husk which turns dark and splits off at maturity in the fall.〔( Hilton Pond Center: Shaggybark Tree ). Retrieved 2013-08-10.〕 The terminal buds on the shagbark hickory are large and covered with loose scales. The word ''hickory'' is an aphetic form from earlier ''pohickory'', short for even earlier ''pokahickory'', borrowed from the Virginia Algonquian word ''pawcohiccora'', referring to a milky drink made from ground hickory nuts. Shagbark hickory nuts were a significant food source for the Algonquins. Red squirrels, gray squirrels, raccoons, chipmunks, and mice are consumers of hickory nuts. Other consumers include black bears, gray and red foxes, rabbits, and bird species such as mallards, wood ducks, bobwhites, and wild turkey. The two varieties are: *''Carya ovata'' var. ''ovata'' (northern shagbark hickory) has its largest leaflets over long and nuts long. *''Carya ovata'' var. ''australis'' (southern shagbark hickory or Carolina hickory) has its largest leaflets under long and nuts long. Some sources regard southern shagbark hickory as the separate species ''Carya carolinae-septentrionalis''.〔(Bioimages: ''Carya carolinae-septentrionalis'' ). Retrieved 2013-08-10.〕 ==Distribution== Shagbark hickory is found throughout most of the eastern United States, but it is largely absent from the southeastern and Gulf coastal plains and lower Mississippi Delta areas. An isolated population grows in eastern Canada as far north as Lavant Township, Canadian zone 4b. Scattered locations of shagbark hickory occur in the mountains of eastern Mexico. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carya ovata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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